Pinless connectors have different appearances and ways of working.

External features
Housing-Pinless connector pins may be opaque, colored or transparent. The outer connecting surface may be at an angle at the center or almost flat, concave or indented.

There are two ways to connect an IV set or syringe:
The male Luer tip of an intravenous infusion set or syringe, or a cannula with a blunt device attached to it, can be manually pushed through a split septum or locked directly to a mechanical valve by Luer. Although some isolation devices accept needles, needles should never be used in needleless systems.

Internal characteristics.

Although the appearance may be similar, there are internal differences in pinless connectors that affect how they work. Simple and complex. Most needleless connectors fall into one of two categories: simple connectors without internal moving parts, such as those with external lobes; and complex
Connectors, which rely on internal moving parts (such as mechanical valves) to control the fluid in the flow device. Location of internal feature connectors determines how the device manages fluid displacement and fluid path

Displacement of fluid in the needleless connector
The manufacturer describes it as negative, positive or neutral. Negative connector displacement causes blood to be pulled back or
Return to the catheter lumen during connection, disconnect, or hang on management set. The positive fluid displacement connector holds a small amount of fluid so that when the IV is set or the syringe is not connected, the fluid is pushed into the lumen of the catheter to overcome the blood backflow in the lumen. Neutral fluid replacement prevents blood from entering the catheter lumen when connected or disconnected. To determine the needleless fluid displacement connector, you must refer to the product form and instructions for use. Connector positive displacement or neutral displacement usually highlights this feature in the label information; the vice of negative displacement rarely discusses quality. Although the term "pressure" is often used to describe a positively displaced connector, such a device does not actually generate any pressure but simply moves fluid forward in the catheter by lumens.

Fluid channel. Because the septum diaphragm connector has no internal moving parts, what do they provide
They are called "direct fluid channels", meaning they allow fluid to flow directly through the lumen. A blunt tube or male luer tip for accessing the septum connector can be, but relatively large, with a negative fluid displacement (or backflow) diaphragm when withdrawn from the shunt.

The center piece of the connector with a mechanical valve opens on the external connection surface. The end of an intravenous infusion set or syringe on its male Luer connector pushes the central part of the valve down, allowing liquid to enter. If the mechanical valve has a negative displacement, the fluid flows through the middle of the centerpiece; if it has a positive displacement, the fluid flows between the shells and the movable centerpiece. Some mechanical valves, which are said to have a neutral displacement, contain an inverted internal blunt cannula that connects to the male Luer fitting of an intravenous infusion set or syringe to allow fluid to flow through its center. (Not all neutral displacement connectors have this design.)
Another device designed to achieve a neutral displacement is a pressure-sensitive cup-shaped slit silicon cone, which can be used with a septum and a connector and a mechanical valve. Disk closed When the infusion pressure drops, it will run automatically, preventing blood from flowing back into the catheter lumen.

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